Food
Intestinal diseases most often lead to impaired absorption of nutrients.
In the body, there occurs not only a deficiency of proteins or fats, but also other substances important for the normal functioning of the body - vitamins, calcium, potassium, and iron.
How to organize food so that the body gets everything you need from food?
A full diet is possible.
The basic principle of the diet for intestinal diseases is the most complete diet with sufficient calorie content.
Disruption of the absorption of food leads to the fact that a person loses weight dramatically, not only due to fat reserves, but also due to muscle mass. Therefore, the amount of complete protein in the menu should be increased to 130–140 g and above.
It is also necessary to make food fractional: five to six meals per day can reduce the load on the digestive tract and improve the absorption of nutrients.
Additional vitamins
While the cause of the disease has not been eliminated, the body cannot obtain a sufficient amount of vitamins and nutrients.
Therefore, after consultation with the doctor, it is worthwhile to begin taking the recommended vitamin complexes. And in some cases, doctors prescribe even injections of vitamins.
Minerals from dairy products
Dairy products will help to fill the deficiency of mineral substances. Protein and fat are absorbed in them with a minimum load on the digestive organs, and phosphorus and calcium are sufficient to maintain the balance of these substances in the body at a normal level.
Fresh milk and dairy products for intestinal diseases are sometimes very poorly tolerated, but fresh cottage cheese and low-fat and unsalted cheese are digested normally.
Therefore, in case of intestinal diseases, nutritionists recommend to abandon even the most "useful and natural" kefir or yogurt and choose freshly prepared and well-pressed cottage cheese and mild cheeses.
We take into account the features of the disease
The remaining products are selected depending on the characteristics of the disease. After all, for example, with diarrhea and constipation, completely different diets are required.
Products that stimulate the movement of the intestine and have a strong laxative effect: black bread, raw vegetables and fruits, dried fruits, legumes, oatmeal and buckwheat, meat, meat, fresh kefir, koumiss.
Products that are rich in tannin (tea, blueberries), slimy soups and grated porridges, warm and hot dishes weaken the bowels.
Diet number 4
For the treatment of intestinal diseases, there is a special diet No. 4, which has four additional options, which are prescribed depending on the severity of the disease and the stage of its cure.
The strictest - in fact, №4 - the most gentle for the entire digestive tract, with a low content of fats and carbohydrates. All dishes for it must be steamed or boiled and be sure to wipe up to a state of gentle mashed potatoes.
But diet No. 4c is suitable for those who have had intestinal diseases, and wants to gradually move to a normal good nutrition. The caloric content of such a diet is up to 3000 kcal, which is well suited for those trying to gain lost due to illness. Food fractional.
Diet number 4в
|
Products |
It is impossible |
Can |
|
Bread |
Baking, pies with filling, sweet pastries |
Dry biscuits, low-fat biscuits, yesterday's bread |
|
Soups |
Fatty rich broths, soups with meat |
On a weak, low-fat broth with cereals, noodles and well-stewed vegetables |
|
Meat and fish |
All sausages, sausages, meat of old animals, all fried foods |
Lean meat without tendons, in the form of meatballs or meatballs, poultry meat without skin, lean fish. Everything is steamed, boiled or baked without fat. |
|
Dishes from cereals, side dishes |
Millet and pearl barley porridge, milk sweet cereal, large pasta, mushrooms, garlic, radishes, sorrel, green raw vegetables |
Crumbly porridges of tender cereals on the water, puddings, small pasta with a small amount of butter, boiled vegetables with a delicate texture |
|
Eggs |
Raw and hard-boiled, fried eggs |
Steamed omelets, protein dishes |
|
Sweet dishes |
Cakes, pies, sour fruits and berries |
Baked apples, sweet berries and fruits with a delicate texture, natural sweet juices |
|
Milk products |
Whole milk, sour milk products |
Milk in the form of additives to dishes with low-fat and non-sharp cheeses, non-sour fresh cottage cheese, curd pastes and casseroles |
|
The drinks |
Sweet soda, strong tea and coffee, alcohol |
Rosehip decoction, weak tea |
|
Fat |
Little vegetable, lard, margarines and spreads |
10–15 g of butter in dishes |
The most important
In case of serious intestinal diseases, absorption of useful substances is very difficult, therefore, the diet should be as balanced as possible and sufficiently high in calories. But this will have to exclude products that can increase the load on the digestive organs and provoke an increase in the disease. Diet number 4 is also a good way to gain weight lost during the illness.